Understanding “Property Setbacks” in Real Estate

A property setback is the distance between a building and the property lines, streets, or other structures. Property setback rules are dictated by local zoning laws and are meant to ensure safety, maintain privacy, and create space for utilities or landscaping. For example, setbacks might say that a house must be a specific distance from the sidewalk, a neighbor’s property, or a creek.

Why Are Setbacks Important?

Understanding setbacks is crucial when buying a house, especially if you’re planning to build, expand, or make major changes. Here’s why:

1. Building Limits: Setbacks might restrict where you can build an addition, install a pool, or even plant large trees.
2. Legal Compliance: Ignoring setback rules could lead to fines or the need to remove structures built too close to the property line.
3. Future Plans: If you want to add value to the property, such as building a guesthouse or expanding the garage, setbacks may limit what’s allowed. A great example of this is when you want to buy a home that yard large enough for a swimming pool. Without knowing the setback requirements or getting a survey, you can’t make any assumptions. A sewer line or septic tank underneath the yard will impact the available area due to the setbacks needed for the pool.

Changing Setbacks & Grandfathered Structures

Setback requirements can change over time. Homes built before the rules were updated are often “grandfathered in,” meaning they don’t have to comply with newer regulations. However, if you decide to renovate or expand, you might be required to follow the current rules, which could complicate your plans. Read more about the importance of a property survey.

Regional Differences

Setback rules vary depending on local governments and neighborhoods. For example, some cities have stricter setbacks in historic districts or near environmental features like wetlands. Before buying, review the local zoning laws or ask your real estate agent to help you find the setback requirements.

Knowing about property setbacks helps you avoid surprises and ensures the home you’re considering fits your long-term plans.